Method of making chains and apparatus therefor



C. M. LAMB 1,812,052

, 19127 10 Sheng-sheet 1 |VENTOK' ChoreSM. Lamb wm ATTORNEY y Julie 30,1931".

METHOD OF MAKING CHAINS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed Sept. 28A

Juneau, 1951.v

METHOD OE MAKING CHAINS AND APPARATUS TX'IERIEFFOR Filed sept'. 28, 1927l0 SheetseSheet 2 Lomb ' INVENTOR Charles ATTORNEY June 30, 1931. c. M.LAMB 1,812,052 v v METHOD 0FA MAKING' CHAINS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Sept28' 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR .Charles M- Lomb ATTORNEY J`une 30, 1931.Y c. M. LAMB 1,812,052

I `METIOD 0F MAKING CHAINS AND APPARATUSA THEREFOR Filed sep'. 2a,41927' 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Charles M. Lomb ATTORNEY` June 30,1931. c. M. I AMB METHOD oF MAKING CHAINS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filedsept. 28, 192'?l l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 INH G INVENTOR Charles ML0mb BY g m vATTORNEY cv M. LAMB 1,812,052 METHOD oF MAKING CHAINS AND'APPARATUSTHEREFOR June 30, 1931.y

mvENfoR Charles MLam`b v ATTORNEY C. M. LAMB June 30, 1931. l

HEREFOR g1/ r N Q c N l d A N METHOD oF MAKING CHAINS AND APPARATUS T 1osheets-sheet 7 .Filed sept. 28, i927 l l I .6 VENTOR l 4 Chor NLLclmb BYl- ATTDRNEY c. M. LAMB 1,812,052 mamon oF MAKING CHAINS AND APPARATUS'rasnsFoR v June 3o, 1931.

Filed sept. 28, 1927 l 1o sheets-sheet a INVENTOR Charles Miomb ATTORNEYJune'lBO, 1931. c. M. LAMB METHOD 0F MAKINGCHAINS AND APPARATUS THEREFoRFiled sept. 28, i927 .1Q sheets-sheet 9 Charles M Lomb June 30, 1 931.

c. M. LAMB METHOD 0F MAKING CHAINS AND APPAR'TUS THEREFOR Filed Sept.28, 1927 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 m ma TL m.. VM ms .re V a In C 4 ipMQLATTORNEY Patented .ne' 3ft),V 1931"-,-Y i 'i futility yWhenvemployedin` the-formation o f chains, such as the cross-chains usedzas anti.-Vskid members in frant-skid devices for. ve-

cnnitnns ivi. LAMB,

A 11,812,05zf- PANY 11m-A. CORPORAHQN 20F NEW XRK;

METHon OMAKING ,ciiAiivs ANDflarPAiATUs Trimmingy Appliatnm.l fugaseptembelfzs; 1922; f serial No; 222,'4-e2.

Thisfinvention relates to Ktheiart of..v

in andforminV Wire 'andislof articular hicle Wheels, although Icontemplate the utilizationofmy improvements in any field for which theyare adapted by their.a` nature.v

The general vobjectfof the invention is to provide a process'for'operating uponan eX- tended supply vof Wire, utilizing preferably. thesupply of Wire in thevform ofn coils `or drifts as they come from themill, my imkC-provements providing for operatingsimul-y taneously upona-plurality of Wires eachde-y rived frolnone such' driftfand'theinvention t providesv for Yst'raighteningthe Wires respectively7 thenseveringthe-'Wiresinto partsof convenient length tose'rve' asblanksV forthe formation of individual links in avchain; then operatingsimultaneously uponfsevera'l such blanks to' Aformv the'fblanks intollinks,'

this stepiof formingseveral secondary linksr fgbeing preferablyaccomplished in 'such' a .manner that two or more links are formed in flinking.v relation with earlierfformed llinks so as 5to constitute oneor more 'groups orV elementsof each chain; then forming simuletan'eously a third series of `links so :spaced and relatedto the groupslof links already 'Y Y' formed las to complete-the`connection yof ytheaforesaid groups orelementsto constitutefa chain having thedesirednumber 'of 'links,g

V."accor'ding to the size'fand purposeof the v'parfticular typeofchainunder formationg'then performing a vWelding operation uponries ofthe chains formed yas above," andA ypreferably lcarrying onsimultaneously afse- -riesof such Welding operationsconcurrent`` ly"with the formationj'off the chain links .so v thatv the operations of.linlcforming and Weldingmconstitutel s'tepsrin, a contn'umsy processWhich `results y ingdelivery successive ly ofcompletesections ofchaineach adapt-v ed to serve, for example, 'as a cross; chain inV an 'fvantifskid tire chain of preferably-cone ventional kformporof.janydesired type; the` cross-chains thus delivered being ready for.

assemblyv With :theside chains usuallyeprovided in theforlnation of suchtire chains.

'crosseachiother andeach toenter vthe eye A cognate object of theinventionr 'toL von PASADENA, yont;Forming nssrcion; To; -A'ivrnnrcniv01min cois'r-Y provide an vorganized machiney having inf"strumentalities adapted eachjto carry out l fone or` vmore ofthe. stepsof thev aforesaid Y process,Y andfso timed .in their operation thatthe," supplies of ,y iwire areV straighten@o l,1-a formed into groupsof'links, [and the groups?A of Ilinks connected Yby .theformationofi-the vnecessary interconnecting links,.and thejsec-f tions of V,chainv'thus formedare .operated-2 suance ofthe process,`and Withoutthedelays' formed inseparatemachi'nes. 'c e L A .further object''of theinvention ofchain fromA f which certain @of the links form the.individualy cross.;

chains.v f c n n j upon by Welding instrumentalities,-in pu'r-l j ordwells 'in operation which areordinarily characteristic of the formationofA such-w f` chains ywhenVv different loperations areA perf; 55

v Iisfto f. `provide a 'process andmeans forffabricating completecross-chain units :without the Wastel l of stock and loss of timeordinarily due Yto fthe lformation of such crosschainswhen therlatter,arexrnade from 'af continuous` length An object of the inventionis in partff contributory to accomplishment of;theabove objects, is toprovide a novel process of mak# v. v v i acte'rized by. a llength*` ofWlre having 1t-sy.;` l ends-bent toward its central portion and f ingyindividual.-fchain links 1 of I,the \typecharthus fjormingjloops jateach. side yof the lcentral portion,` the .novel process comprising` 'u.g5 i,

the steps of .bendingeach ,of saidlengths of stock into Vthe'fofrmfofalsta'ple and theny forcing each staple "into ai'die having k"a'djacentcavities adapted to bendth'ellegs of, Y

the staple Varound toward each otherin 'sucht a manner Ias to causetheends ofthelegsto or loop -=`formed by fan Hearlierjstage ofthe fbending operation, .thevcompletedr link bef ing formedby a single,`Vcontinuous forcing l ofthe ,staple into Y the cavities `ofthe die.-

j" Accordingly the' inventionA has. also -foi'an' object` the provisionVof a de'with cavities@V including guides, formingV blocks yand plungersco-operating with the die to make the complete individual links andfurther adapted to fabricate a chain in which the links are of the abovetype and are made in interlinking relation, several of the mechanismsbeing organized into a machine so that one or more of the constituentmechanisms may be making separate links at spaced portions of a die,while other mechanisms are simultaneously making interlinking links.

The invention has for still another object the provision of specialmechanism for transferring successively to welding mechanism eachcompleted chain as it emerges from the forming mechanism, the transfermechanism including means for grasping each section of chain by its endlinks and carrying it through a series of welding units, in such amanner that each link of the chain is presented in turn te one of thewelding units to be welded and so that after the links have all beenwelded, the completed, welded chain is discharged.

The invention provides also for stopping the machine automatically whenany link projects unduly from its die, and when bits of wire stock orother extraneous objects get into a position to injure or interfere withthe proper operation of the forming mechanism, and also when the partsof the forming mechanism are out of their proper cooperative positions.

The above and other features of the invention are illustrated anddescribed fully in the accompanying drawings and specification and arepointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a view in plan of a chainforming machine in the constructionof which my improvements have been embodied, and which is organized tocarry into effect the process forming the subject of` this invention.

Fig. 2 is a view of the same in front elevation.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view in vertical section, taken on the line3 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 30s is a fragmentary, djetail view showing parts of the mechanismof Fig. 3 in another position, and Fig. 3b is a projection of the partsshown in Fig. 3a.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view in front elevation, partlyin section.

Fig. 5 is a detail view in horizontal section on the irregular line 5 5of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a similar view on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail View, on an enlarged scale, in plan, withparts shown in section, taken near the right-hand side of Fig. 6. Y

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional detail on the line 8 8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a transverse vertical section on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a framentary sectionalpdetail, taken on the line 10 1O ofFig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary detail view in elevation looking in thedirection of the line 11 in Fig. 10, part of the structure beingomitted.

Fig. 12 is a view of a diagrammatic character showing three steps in theformation of a cross-chain according to the invention.

Fig. 13 is a similar diagrammatic view in elevation showing three stepsin the for mation of such a cross-chain.

Fig. 14 is a plan view of a nowpreferred form of die used in theformation of chain in carrying out the process of this invention.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View, on an enlarged scale,taken on the line 15-15 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 16 is a similar View on the line 16 16 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 17 is a similar view on the line 17 17 of Fig. 1. A

Fig. 18 is an enlarged detail View in plan, partly in section of thetransfer and welding mechanism shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 19 is a vertical section on the line 19 19 of Fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary vertical sectional detail view, upon anenlarged scale, taken upon the line 20 20 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary detail view upon an enlarged scale taken fromFig. 18 and showing a completed chain ready for welding.

Fig. 22 is a group view showing different stages in the formation of alink.

Fig. 23 is a detail view in front elevation of an automatic stopmechanism adapted for use with the forming mechanism.

Fig. 24 is a detail view of the same taken in horizontal section acrossthe forming mechanism; and

Fig. 25 shows the stop mechanism in side elevation, these views being ofa somewhat diagrammatic character.

Fig, 26 is a transverse, sectional view on the line 26* 26X of Fig. 14.

Fig. 27 is a similar View on the line 27X 27 of Fig. 14.

In carrying the invention into e'ect, the operations which characterizethe improved process of forming such articles as crosschains foranti-skid devices for automobile and other vehicle wheels are preferablycarried out in the following order, and by mechanisms which will bedesignated generally by alphabetical reference characters, a moredetailed description of the several mechanisms being given later in thisspecification.

In pursuance of the invention, several wires, W, are supplied,preferably from any suitable source such as the reels or drifts whichcome from the wire mill, and as such driftsl'are of vvell known form,`they are not theleftfone step, iso that'dur'ing the neXty j illustratedherein,- theijeference f character vW designating fa group of' jWir'esof any Vsuitable number and material, 'seven being shownV in the`instance illustratedyeachvvire :serving as stock from which is tobe-forined a particular seriesy of links-'Which in 'due course.` taketheir place in `the Vassembled cross-chains madeaccording tothe improvedprocess carriedl into `effectby the: machine under` `description. Inorder to permit readyk identification of these Wires andthe `,partsvmade therefrom during the differentstages of op- 'erationtliereupom'theWires and parts, and

also the links formed therefrom are de'sig':-

natedfthroughout'the specification by the.

n reference? characters w1, wi, w3, 104,10, ws,

and wf. l 'l H- Vn The entire group of "stock Wires W `is preferablyfirst subjected toa straightening operation, Which'niay be performedbyany suitableineans, suchas'the sets of rolls indicated generally .laty the right-hand side of Figs. 1 and 2 by the reference characters Aand B, such 'straightening mechanism'being of,Well-known'character, notrequiring special description atfthisltime except to lsay thatthestraightening devicesint-he set A' comprise 1 rolls mounted withVertical `axes, While the set-B comprises rolls mounted `with their axeshorizontal. 1

i Fromthese straightening devices'the Wires .l I y link fw? ,tothe linkwtand joining the link L05 yto the link: w?, the completed chainbeing,rv j

at the leftl-L 'are fed inv parallel horizontal relation'by a LmechanismC through guides to the form-1 ing` vmechanismfl.` This mechanism seversat each stroke apart from each ofthe seven stockl yivires'and Vduring acontinuation of the same lstroke forms each .OftheseVen partsy linto astaple of the form shown'in Fig. 13, Where the staples are designated bytherefereiice characters w1, to fw? inclusive, all these 'staplesbeingforined as already'indicated by` v a single stroke of the formingmechanisi'n.l

The above seyering operation andy formation of staples iscompletedduring the early part Aof each stroke. :"Duriifigl theremainder of by the Vdie Vshown -in Fig.- 14, y bearing thereferencecharacterjjF.' These dies"` may be, 'and preferablyare,identical `in form j and will be described-'more inY detail"hereinafter. 'The dies F; arepreferably carried 1by `dieblocksfFX, whicharelinked` together inthe form of an endless beltor conveyer adapted torun beneathfthe forming mechanism E so l as topresent the diessuccessively in position beneath fthe formingv tools, as v`indicated kinVFig.' 2, Where the reference characters FH'FZ,

an'dHF3 indicate the positions of'gthe dies l vWhich at' an-y'given timeare ready tocoopen ate With the forming tools. After each strokerv ofthemechanism -k E, the dies. are moved to 'hand sideof Fig. 51,2.

v'stroke the die which" has occupied the'posi- Vtion F1y Willoccu'pyfthat lettered and there are three dies inY position, sotliat threestrokfesi'ofv thev formingv mechanism are required 'to carryout"thefcycle necessary to complete each cross-chaiii. x

Briefly'stated, the' first stroke of'a' cycle f resultsinftheformationf'of the three links designated/w1, '104, and fw7 attheright-hand,

zide of Fig; l2. During the sainestrokethe diein thepositionF2 is'formingtlie links wz and m5, the link-w2 being'fornied in such almanner `as to inter-link `With the link w1@ Aand link @o5 beingformedin vsuoli a manner asjto inter-link Withthe link 04, it beinglunderstood that the links w1, w* and wl have p been carried 'over fromthe position F1 to'F2 by feeding movement of the die-block lconr-`fveyer. Prior to the third stroke ofthe cycle," f

the' die-block conveyer moves anotherstep,

carrying ,intov the 'position F3` the die With thelinks 101,102,ilit,'w5,.and fw, and'while in the position F? tliefchain isfcoinpletedby formation of links 203,412, these links being `forniedin linkingvrelationy With` the q i' already-.formed groups' ofvlinks, oining "theshownfin itsposition on lthe die Thev next f loperati cross-chains istoqweld the links, and for this operation the crosschain'sareresp'ective- Lly transferred in successionfroin the diesgl to anfendlessfbeltG, Which'receives the crosschains from the diesgat'a region `Wherethe n v"performedv ron tlieVv conveyerG runs in juxtaposition with the.l

die-block fccnyeyer,` being Vsuperimposed i run,fioiiiftvliichiegion"the lower pra/rt' lof the conveyer GrunstoWar'drthe left, as in- ,l

v,dicatedin vFig; 2,'throiighya series of Weldingv units designatedbyrefer'ence cliaractersl',

rgto "Ginclusive, each Welding uiiitacting to Weld one of the links,thehead G2 operat:l w

above tlieflatterl fora short portion of its iiigupon the link fwin eachcross-chain,

YWhile the unit Gaf operates uponA vthe link w3 and the unit G4 operatesupon thelink wl.;

and so on. Only vfive Welding units are.

shown, in the` instance illustrated, for lthe reason that ofthe sevenlinks of which each crossfchain is composed, only -fivelinks are; vrequired to be `Welded, Vthe rendlinks fm1` andV cui? being left Withoutfivelding, these links serving las the links; by .which each crosschainis' connected to thejside chains of the antifskid tirefchain withwhichthey are' `to l i y be 'incorporated eventually, vand these end;` llinksy are not vsubjected tothe saine Wearby 1 iso Y contact With theroad and therefore need not ordinarily be Welded. It Will be understood,however, that provision may be made for welding thse links or anyadditional links oit which any desired type of crosschain orsimilaichain may be composed.

After' passing from the last of the Welding heat` s GG, the cress-chainsare discharged by the conveyer at approximately the region G7, thuscompleting the operation of the machine in cin-r` ing out the process,considered generally.

Passing now to a more particular description of the component mechanismeoi? tue machine, in the order in which they perform the respective ojcrations which characterize the process, the tir-st in order to bedescribed is the l/V''re @twig/itching and feeding 'mechanism nism,there is sheivn t il. set of straightening rolls with vera-.cal airesand at B a similar set of rolls i h horizontal axes.

The latter set shown i detail in the vertical sectional. view in Fig.1G, in which is illustratec suitable means for supporting thestraightening in adjusted position relatively to the pitien 1 of thebase by which they carried. Briefly described, the suppoi ing meanscomprises a slide 2 mounted adjustably in slideways 3 upon the trameportion 1, the slide 2 being adapted to support a set ot joui al boxese, each of which carries the axis 5 ier one set of rolls, the axes beingheld in place by set screws 6, and each boi; is held against the uprightportion oi the bei: trame en the slide 2 by means of set screwspreferably arranged at an angle and engaged With beveled portions 8 ci'the box in order to cause the latter to bear iirmly against the slide 2.To permit ready remover oi 'the bones 11, the upper set screws 7 ireshown as mounted on a bell crank lever or levers 9 which can be tilted lack upon an 10 to clear the boi: Jror' removal irom the strn lit-ningmechanism B. Holes 10X are prev .ed through which a retaining pin orbelt may pass to hold the levers in operative vertical po sition.

rllhe stock Wires 'w1-wl inclusive pass from 'the stra'`V hreningmechanism in a horizontal plane to ceding mechanisni C which cor prisesa plurality et cleansing devices c and cl, of which the 'forme ismould-er'L to reciprocate in the line oi movement While the latteroccupies a ixcd pesition in the path oit leed, means lming provided toclamp the wires Lul-ie? and to release them, intermittently, the clamp cbein operated to grip the Wires as they emerge from the rolls B and toforce them lengthwise through the clamping device c1, While the latteris released, and the clamping device c1 gripping the Wires and holdingthem when the clamping device c releases them and is returned for afresh supply, the return of the clamp 0 being accomplished While the'forming operations are proceeding.

The general structure of the clamping devices c and c1 may be, andpreferably is similar, and so far as possible the now-preferred :form ofstructure will be described with the use of reference characters whichdesignate corresponding parts in the tivo devices. Thus, in each devicethe clamping portion proper comprises end members 11 and 12 (see Figs.15 and 17) of which the latter has a grooved tace engaging the stockWire w11, While the former has a similar grooved face engaging the stockWire ws, there being also a series o grooved spacing members 13 suitablefor engagement with the. remaining stock Wires 1.02 to we inclusive,when there are seven stock Wires,

r a proper numb-er of spacers for any desired number of stock Wires.

The clamping members just described are fitted respectively Within theblocks which )ear the reference characters c and c1 respectively, theblock el being bolted at 14 directly upon the trame bracket 1 and theblock c being bolted at 14 to the slide 2 which slides in the Ways 3formed on the base part 1, and each clamping device has an abutmentscrevv 15 to permit the position of the end member 11 to be adjusted andmaintained. rEhe end member 12 in each instance is movable transverselyin the plane of the Wires, being arranged for retraction to release theWires as indicated in Fig. 17 and being capable of forward movement toclamp the Wires as indicated in Fig. 15. Y

As a convenient form of device for effecting this clamping and releasingreciproca- 'Lion there is shown for the iiXed clamp c1 a lever 16 uponan axis 1'? carried by an extension 18 of the block 01, the lever havingan operating head 19 entering a slot 2O in a vertical slide 21 mountedin a slidevay 22 previded in the frame part 1, vertical movement of thisslide being accomplished by the operation of an anti-friction roller 23mounted upon the slide and entering a face cam groove 211: upon a cam 45mounted on a shaft 25 connected by bevelled gears 26 and 27 (see Fig.1), and by a shaft 28 and link belt 29 with a shaft 30 which is gearedback through a shaft L11, to the crank shaft El of the forming head. Asimilar vertical siide 31 mounted at 32 in the bracket 1 operates alever 36 upon an axis 37 carried by an extension 38 of the block c inorder to reciprocate the member 12 of the clamp c, the slide 31 having aroller 33 entering a face-cam groove on the other side of cam is'adapted to have a sliding movement in the etwa As. hereinbeforementioneitheclamp'-0 line effecd of thewireswlwi, `and-Zito efectthesliding movement in perfect y timed relationowithV the other"instrumentalitles of themachine thejslideQZis operated by' v@am I flever' Itis ioiooiooiod that action of the Vstraigliter'ling''sets as'the move .ment 'of slide ,2' .carries them toward the rig. 15).. f

45 through` a f lever r 'and'v fanv` 'anti-friction.' roller 43 whichenters a peripheral;,cam` groove Muponfthe cam cylinderjt (see Toaccommodate 'the'movement;' of'ftheY 36 Jwith .the slide2," the lever 36has an anti-frictionfroller 39, f 'the feedingclampic is lmounted 'onthe'same'sl'ide 2 with the straightening sets A ;and..B,'and :that the.

straightening 'operation 'is performed by the right lalong-a freshportionl ,of the stock wires, as 'yet'. unstraightened, while the .p're-1 viouslystraightened` portions. of vwlreiare `The clamped7 'S actuatedautomatically Vz tbove' described5 but if' 'it Y be Idesired to'v vvsetthe clamp manually at, any time, this maybe causelengthwise movements ofthe wires byy vvirtuev "of their movement with slide 2,' at all timesevenk when the' vmachine is being;

" Vturned over "by :handbutlsettingzthe clamp 01 upon'the wires theywill be held against such adventitious. movements and f the'straightening setswillfsirnply.,moveto and'frofalong thel wires.y Y.When the feeding mechanism-is operating -f normally, the'fclampr'o.feeds'the'stock' wires y :by an'yfsuitablejmeans, forA Whichpurp'ose.ca lw through ak guide D, which is'prefer-v ably grooved as shown inFig. :5to maintain the stock wiresin desirably spaced; relation andgin'"their straightened' fornny directing' them toward; :the forminghead. E,the-now preferred .construction ,f of Whichwlll now be'des'cribed: yStools severing "and mechanism Y `Theinentoperation:.characteristicofthe' process is-*thatyoff severing, from! the stock wires wle-wl',parts suitable'fortheiformationy of the blanks or staples, lthe Vformyof i which is' shown in'Fig. 13,'"and any suitable pose. As onevconvenientformfif'of mechamechansm may beprovided vfor Y this ,ipurnism, the stock wires arefed over stationary shear membersrif'fdfee6) there bef ing` onevof these stationary shear rmembersv L "foioooiistoor-wim, although notY fon of uio shear `members need be formedlasfa'sep-f bers. t .Cef-,da di' and-iff?? afer@ preferably yformed as part,of cover plates upon certain 'ofthe-'wire guides 'tosave space.` In co'-Y operation with the vstationaryshear members there -1 is provided `,a.c'orresp'on'ding V series of movable'. shear.'v members '5l'f (see .the

movable shear in each' instance forming part'fs of a-verticalreciprocating plunger 52' bolted.'l

Ez'whiCh are respectively abolted in dependgroups sothattheywill',not'vinterfereywith "'each"*other.s operation; For.r this purpose alsothe stock wires'are ,led-in' preferably at.

substantially thev angle shown in. Fig. l.5, .the

guido D boing .suitably pooiiioiiod for .that purpose, andsubsidiaryf-guideways inthel shear members Z1-rl? being provided whereneeded -to afford' Vthe'desired .direction'fto the stock wires;` The'r'nfain' `Crossfhead E3 .is 'Caused toreciprocate vverticallybyconnectn ing rods 56ooperated bythe crank shaft.` connectedywith themaindriving shaft'iE4 195 y by gears E51and'E6, the main /drivingfs'haftreceiving its power from any 'suitable source* .l as'byV meansof.'a'pulleyl E? 'anda belt E?. v`running to a suitable'sourceofpowerffnot *i Y provided to adj ust gthel strol'econlnectingjrods,56. l Y Inf'll'nediatelyy following the severance of.vo parts fro'mthe stock Wires' 'w1-w7- inclusive; the parts so severedgare yformed intoy staples vvor blanksypreferamyfof thecharacterv shownin Fig; 13, oodoihio'stop oioyjio'o porfoimod f 'in th'e instanceillustrated the plungers 52 are I .shown as having'jthein lowerportions` grooved as lindicated at' 62 1(`see"Fig. 9) '..and

, *therk plu'n'gers'v vare o I.further provided;v 1 ywith 'I'-f'groovedfdie portions 63 of inverted Ushape",v

' tl'l'esegdieV portions .acting upon the. blanks" 'wld-.w71respectivelyto bend them down`` :Ward 'overfanvils y64. These anvilsprefer-- f ably aremounted upongs'lide members 5, .whlch are caused tovreciprocate horizontally ,bythe engagement off antilfri'ctio'n rolls.66 i .extending therefrom .into the; path of yokes f1 67 (see Fig. y 8and Figo. carried by levers.y

:68j Which.. aref 'pivotedv 'respectively at. 6 9

The levers' 68 havey arms 72"With anti-.fric-'- tionrollers '7 3'entering ycamggroov'es 74 in cam blocks carriedbya gate Em'which i`slides inl-verticalways E11f, l'and when this gate.. descends',v a Y,cam portion 6.x of "each l [upon-posts70'extenjdin'g rearwardly from a'.bracket "lfprojecting efroni1the overhead fj 1,25

cam block is brought at the beginning of the downward stroke of the gateinto engagement with the roll 78 causing` each slide 65 to moveoutwardly from the iront of the forming head, into the position shown infull lines in Fig. 8. lt is in. this position that the anvils receiveand aid in forming the blanksI iol-'wT inclusive under the action of thepl ingers 52 as the latter are forced downward by the heads El and E2when the head E3 descends.

In order to aid in holding the stock wire parts after severance andduring this downward forming movement of the plungers 52, provision ispreferably made for engagement with the middle of each severed wire partby an arm 77 of a lever 78 mounted pivotally on the block 8O carried bythe bracket E20 of the gate El, on which the anvil slide 65 reciprocateshorizontally as above described, relatively to the lever 78. In orderthat the movements of the lever 78 may be controlled positively, I haveshown the slide 65 as having cam portions 8l and 82 adapted to beengaged with the heel 88 of an arm 84 which extends outwardly from thepivot point 79 of the lever 78. In the full line position shown in Fig.8, heel 88 rests upon the upper face 85 of t e slide 65, and in thisposition the arm 77 of the lever 78 is held against the Ushapedintermediate portion of the staple w1, and this position is maintaineduntil the die portion 68 of the plunger 52 has reached its lowestposition after bending the wire part into the form of a staple, as inFig. 8.

The slide 65 is then moved inwardly by the action of yoke 67 upon theroller 66 as the lever 68 is rocked about its fulcrum 69 when the camblock 75 is elevated by the gate El (described later) and the camsurface 76 is engaged with the roller 78 upon the arm 74 of lever 68, atthe end of the upward stroke.

The staples just formed are carried inward with the anvils 64, suitableprojections 86 and 87 being preferably provided to vent each staple fromtilting on its anvil, and as each staple is thus carried forware itpasses under a linger 88 (see Fig. 8) formed at the end of the arm 77 oflever 7 8, the lever 78 rocking upon its pivot 79, and this rockingmovement being pern'iitted by entry of the heel 88 into the cutoutportion 89 between the cam surfaces 8l and 82 upon the upper surface ofthe slide 65.

The inward movement of the slides 65 continues until the anvils with thestaples are brought into the dotted line position (shown in Fig. 8 forexample) and as the loop portion of the staple escapes from under thelinger 88, the heel 88 of lever` arm 84 rides up on cam 82, which causesthe inger 88 to assume again the position shown inFig. 8, the fingerbeing depressed behind the loop portion of the staple. Then the slide 65is again withdrawn outwardly by action of the yoke 67 and roll 66 whenthe cam block 75 descends with the gate El", and the cam surface 76X ofthe block 75 engages with roller 73 upon arm 72 of lever 68, swingingthe lever 68 outward to retract the slide 65, the slide carrying with itthe anvil 64, but leaving the staple w1 in the path of a part 90 of theplunger structure by which it is to be forced into the die F as will bedescribed more in detailY hereinafter. At the end of the rearwardmovement of slide 65 the heel 88 of lever arm 84 rides up the camsurface 8l into the position shown in Fig. 8 and is thereby brought intofirm engagement with a. fresh, unbent part of wire vwil which has beenfed across the anvil 64 and is ready to be severed by downward movementof the shear portion 5l of the plunger 52, across the edge 50 of thestationary shear Z1 (see Fig. 9), this operation being repeated for eachstaple, and a similar operation taking place concurrently upon each ofthe stock wires w1 t0 w7 inclusive at each stroke of the head E3. As itis desirable to provide the levers 78 with a normal bias into the fullline position shown in Fig. v8, I prefer to provide means for that'purpose, such as the springs 91 (see lig. 4 interposed between the leverarms 84 and the blocks 80. The strength of these springs is such thatthey permit the iingers 88 to ride over the U-portion of the staples asthe latter are carried forward with the anvils by forward movement ofthe slides 65.

The shape of the levers 78 is preferably arched, as shown in Fig. 8 toafford clearance for the stock wires and for the guides of which theparts 5() serve as stationary shear members for certain of the stockwires7 as for example the guide Z4 for the stock wire w4 in Fig. 8.

Link forming operation and mechanism The operation of forming thestaples into links includes a series of steps among which may beincluded the preparatory step of inserting the staple in a holding block100 (see Figs. 7 and 8) which is positioned at the inner end of thehorizontal path through which the anvil is moved by inward movementofthe slide 65 above described, this preliminary position being likewisein the vertical path which has to be traversed by the plunger part 90 asit is carried down by the head FP under action of the head E3. Fig. 7illustrates two of these heads 100 with the staples w1 and fw'L inplace, each member 100 having grooved portions 101 and 102 which gripthe legs of the staple, the latter being forced into the grooves by theinward movement of the slide 65 and anvil on which the staple issupported. This ligure shows to provide each anvil withl an `extension`103,

. .p -GO next wire parts w1 and/wtI in position ready for severance 4byaction of ythe appropriate 5 plungers v52 ('notshown)` ,against thestationary shear edges fwhich in the casefo thel shears for wire wl isconstituted `by`the separate Vguide member (1, as already noted.`

In order to prevent any undesirable tilting or rocking movements ofthestaple,1v prefer such as Vthat. shownfgat v the lefthand portion of Fig.7, which passes within the staple and into a slot104in'theholdingblock10Q, so thatr when vthe anvil :64 isbeing withdrawn thisvprojection lO'continues tor holdthe staple againstaccidental'displacement until it shall have been engaged by theilowerend of theplunger 90. Y

The 'holding blockw mounted upon the gate` E10, to which referenceV hasalready been `made as 'carrying the Cain block 'i 1l f` l ,i

VThe gate El is operated by levers 92 (see Figs, 1 Aand which'areadapted' to rock l upona shaft 93, and wh'ichfare actuated bycains-94 kori-shaft 30, be ing provided with anti-friction rollers 95,`the Canis V94 Vserving to elevatejthe gate El?vv positively and thusactuate the cam-blocks' positively finthe manneralready described, whilethe descent of fthe-gate El,Ov by .its own weight isJjper Initted lwhen-the vlow partsf9`6 of the! Canis .94' are inthe position`shQwnminiFig.. 3. i'

therebyV operated in unison.

' When 'sogdepressed,' eachk plunger forces a staplefdownwards throughpair oliguides -l1()V and 111, of whichl atypical setlisshown Y inVFig.y10,these guides being placed beneath `4.5 the gholdinglbl-Oks 100,inthe vertical 'path The guide bleek '110 fis patently adapted' ashaving itsA leg w1? bent forward toward thel observer, ou tof the planeof the drawing-.1

In order tovbring. 'about thisjfirstV bend,ftlie guide bloclcl-l() haslan inclined guide orfdie; t groove 112, which isshownv inelevation in`1001) of theflnk shown "at canin Fig. V227 v tthfislloop being inclineddownward away lfrom the operator, andthe curling action .having resultedin bringing the [ends w22 125 p y and w23; vback .toward vin Fig. v22. 1f

. Fig. 11, the vleg wlo'f the stapley b eingindifA cated by dash and dotlines, ,andth'e yblock 110 is preferably provided withalrib y113adjacent to 'the .groove 112, and aiding.; tok

L direct the leg 'e012 into thegroove.-112'Q` j 1 The other leg wmfofthe staple heldin the' slightly groovedgpor'ticn 114 of the'block165-110, `(see Fig. 10)2 the opposite;I blpck"V 111 s, 100 areprefer-ably v f by Vthe action of the die F. 'l f The staple w1,qfor'exaniple,has been y Ihe .nent i step in ,the .forming 1operation-isbrought about kby y the'` descent of, the, plunger 90 1 when the head;E?, is depressed, carrying` with fthe heads 7E1 .and E `'uponfwhi'ch4are vmounted the .seven plungers' y 90,whicli 'are p n i i x22, towardthesurface of the vdie showniin beingf of `suitable contour at 'regionkto' i aid 4in holdingfthe legv @itin `that position, theblocl 111 beingalso. recessed at 115t'o l :receive the plunger 90, ythe; crosssection'efi 'i `the glatter being preferably approximately Y thatillustrated, Vthe plunger having a groove 116 to clear theV rib .113ivl'orined on the blocl;

It is tobe noted'that the staples 'are formedl in parallel planes whichVare nin'clined y at anfangleto the path of feeding of the dies -F sothat as f the "staples 4are `forced v downwardly, they ententhe dieblocks F iny suitable relative positions to permit the links to beformed in interlinking relation, andthe stock wiresfw1 tor iolrareifedatproperr Y,

, poseof this bend wlisto giveV one'of the legs ka vslight offset inadvance. of theffurther "bendingoperations which are performedsimultaneously upon both. legs ofthestaple broughtinthe course ofthersteps thustar described, to a pointwhere the end' fwl-atnd` the end,w15 are respectively engaged with the.

dieF, the leg wlf'ibein'gengaged`l with the l `cavity f1-of the die (seeFig. 14) ,andthe leg 'f :wl6 being vengaged with .the cavity f1* lof thedie.. If this operation beconsidered asperourthfposition from the'-righthandin Fig. i

Fig. f1i4of the drawings, andfthe legio?5 would thereupon be: curledirsttoward the 13 d v operatorf as Tits end travelled" along thegroove/from the point f1,-pa st the region j shown-,in' Fig. ,26 andthen awayfr'oin the koperator tothe region, shown in Fig. 26,

vrmaking thus the right hand loopotthelink shownat ,10,21 in Fig.I22,2this.leopbeing infclined downward toward theloperaton v y p "r 'At`tlie sainetime,'tlieplegto??V would beu-15 Frst., engaged with,the'region and be curled as `it travels therefrom toward the',",leftfaway fro'mfthe` operator;around past Y the regionjfl'sliowninlFig. 26and -then tof Awardthe:operator as it passes toVAthe'region-12o fm2 shownin Fig, V26,!maling the left'hand each otheras fi-ihownll 1 'down by the proper plunger, to cause engageformed byhand,.iforV the sake of illustration, "the operator, .would bevpressfingthe. staple.l h y jw?, which isin the condition shownin the YCJI of the die, and simultaneously the staple fw7 is forced down by theproper plunger to cause enga ement. with the cai/'ities )'57 and f7* ofthe oie, the nul'aneous stroke of these three plungers, carried by thecrosshead El resulting in the complete formation of the three links w1,wand 107 shown in Figs. 12 and 13, occupying the spaced positionsillustrated.

As the plungers 90 descend the ends w15 and ww of the respective staplesare gradually bent relatively to each other through a series of stagesof bending of which 'typical stages are shown at 1v1", w18., @om andw20, in Fig. 22, until each completed link has a forni substantiallythat shown in wel it being understood that the operation is continuousand that at any given instant each link changing from shapes notdissimilar one of the stages selected for illustration to a shaperesen'ibling that of the next stage selected. These leg-bendingmovements are accomplished by a direct thrust exerted along the majoraxis of each staple, and obviate any need for twisting movements of anyof the tools operating to produce the twisted links.

The form of die F shown in Fig. 1st represents a now-preferredarrangement of the die surface adapted to elfe/ct suitably andaccurately the formation of a link of desired shape, such as that shownat w21, but it is to be understood that the exact shape of die selectedfor use will. be given a contour proper to the formation of the desiredshape of link. f

It is further to be observed that the die F and the blocks 110 and 111co-operate in the operation of forming the staples into links which areso positioned that certain of the links are formed separately whileother links are formed in interlinking relation with already formedlinks, has been set forth sui'iiciently at an earlier stage of thisspecilication, so that it need not be repeated in detail.

It may be noted, however, that in forming the links it is preferred toposition the staples in each operation substantially as indicateddiagrammatically at the lower part of Fig. 13, i. e., the-staples w1, wrand fw7 being inserted with their legs at an angle to the long tudinalaxis of the chain, and straddling the same as indicated at theright-hand side of 18, and the links wg @U5 being inserted at a similarangle,

the links fw and fw may advanta- 5.; .i y be inserted in a planecorresponding to the longitudinal axis of the chain and not straddlingthe same, substantially as shown at the left-hand side of Fig. 13. Asalready noted, Fig. 12 illustrates three stages of formation of acomplete chain of seven links, the lirst stage designated by thereference character Fl showing the links w1,

wJg and w7, while the stage F2 shows the aforesaid links with theadditional links wg and m5 formed in interlinking relation respectivelywith the already formed links w1 and wt, and the stage F3 showing thecomplete chain constituted by forming links w3 and fw in such mannerthat the link w connects links L02 and w* while the link zo@ connectslinks 105 and co7.

Any suitable mechanism may be provided to eflect the feeding movement ofthe dies F to bring each die successively into its three positions F1,F2 and F3, and as one convenient form of mechanism for the above purposel have shown a shaft 120 (see Figs. 3 and 5) geared at 121 to the shaft30 and having a crank 122 provided with an antifriction roller 128adapted to engage the end walls 126 of the die blocks FX, imparting thenecessary step-by-step movement to the die-block conveyor. The shaft 120is also provided with a member 124 adapted to enter the die-blockrecesses 125 and maintain the die-blocks in proper position during thedwells between feeding movements, while the forming operations aretaking place.

The above described forming operation, or cycle of operations, resultsin the completion of a chain of seven links, or of the desired number oflinks., with each three strokes of the forming head E3, and after thefirst three strokes of the press a complete chain is ready for deliveryon' each stroke of the press, the chains being available for use with orwithout further operations, accordingto the use for which the chains areintended.

In the instance selected for illustration and description it isdesirable to perform upon certain links of each chain a weldingoperation designed to secure the free ends w22 of each link (see Fig.22) to the strand or middle portion 28 of the link, and to each other,in order to form an integral central node or integral metallic union ofthe aforesaid parts at this region, and for this purpose any suitablemechanism may be provided, and one such mechanism will now be described.

l/Velclag operation and mechanism one link at a time, the chains beingcarried past the welding units successively, so that after the entireseries of units has been traversed, each of five links of each chainwill have been welded, it being understood, as already noted, that incross chains of the type selected for description it is usuallydesirable to weld only those links subjected to road contact7 leavingthe end links without a welding operation, but it being furtherunderstood that any selected link or links mila-0521- Of. the Chains mybe weidse-byproviding..

` Figs. 2, 18and 19).

a suitablenunibei" of" Welding units.

The Welding-units GZ-G? are shovvnasV mounted-in sliding position upon abasefGs, (see Figs'. ,1, 2, 18 and 20) the base *having* `'engaged bypinionsill`v a yrackor racks 150 (see Fig. 20) upon vshafts 152 mountedin bearings on respective Welding units are moun'tedi rasV indicated,soithat eachwelding unit maybe? readily adjusted to desired positionbyopf eration of'its'shaftf152.

Each' Welding unity may desirably comprise any suitablecon'struct'i'enpe'ach 'supported by *standard "t bolted at tl'xupon one"of the carriagesl. his standard, eachfi'nstance, also supports a'iiXedWelding'md 't2-j mounted adjustablyina clamping device t?. A`Co-opei'ating Welding tool 'it is vsupported inV a clamp t5. mountedupon supported pivotally att?. upon each stand ard t, and. each of theseswinging jaws t? actuated through a link #by a lever t? mounted 'atz510upon-thecarriage 153, the

*levery havingy an` arm 4with van' 'anti-friction rollerlill/runningin aface foam groove' 2512 of'a cam disk Z13, these-cam disksbeing'fixedupon al shaft it extending alongthe rearof the Weldingmechanisni, thevcani disks being with l gears t1? 'meshing f with gears`t16 fast'npon` ashaft l? which preferably 'provided isl geared at 2218, 25,19 tothe"countershaft 30 liereinbefore referred to and` which is ac3 v tu'ated[by suitable' connections 411 With the" crank yshaft E7 so thattheive'ldingoperations are performed in timed relation with theformingandfeedingfoperations;

Y oo

linclusifve to enable its inode l Traasfermeejumsm- For the purposeoftransferring the coinpleted chains successively tothe vseries ofWelding units any lsuitable transfer mech-f' anisin' may be adopted; andrI have illus'-` ,tia-ted now-preferred formk of transfer mechanismivhichj I have ldevised for this purpose, the 'same being illustrated inits assembled" relation, With ,tliel ma` chine'as a Wholein Figs; :landZand being inFigs.v 18 to" illustrated in' s'uiii'cient' detailofoperation to be understoodLf It. is to be notegdithat While thismechanism ifs particularly adaptedf the organized ma- Y chine formingthe subjectief thepresent ap-f plication, it embodies Vr means capableof." utilization in Welding chains and similar for use in connectionWith articles aside, from its combination Withthe other mechanismskcomprised Vni the chain machine herein described. f

' In its general relationship tothe organizedjfr machine, the transfermechanism,l 'as already noted, coinprisesfan endless link beltorc/onveyer designated generally by .the reference' character G andWhichr has a -po'rtion region Ga'ii'anged'in juxtapositionwith the e atransformer Tfof Theroller 160 a swinging f Y link bars 163 for path ertravel "of the die: "bioks FX `'As 'eacli'ldief'block FX emergeslfroinforming' head E7` with its a die 'FQ carrying a w1 www;

V( :oi'n p` leted 'chain' comprising links the chain ,is preferablyvsubject to thejactio'n (see Fig. 19) j ournalle'd iii bracket` 161carried by the" "frame",

to insure the presentation of all the `linksof each'fchai'n at a untransferred: `for action by vthejvelding*units.r preferably isarrangedto act upon' thev cha each chainup n vtheconveyorGr Will n'c'iwloeA described'.`

fjTlie .conveyerg G=prefeiably comprises a, `r r series joffflinks 163,grip pin g 'devices' respectively designatedby secured t0fltl1e-'Lmeans -'such' as The links'f 163; in number andy each Vhaving af pair""of the; numerals 164` e and f 165, respective links by suitableItlie'bolts `16 6-(see Fig. 18)'. may `have holesy 167 suitablelthenaction of the. roller 1760' being in at the point Where they chainisfpicked up by tlieLconveyer 5G, and a 'now-preferredform of device'forholdingl f ifoiin level asH the same are;vr i

positionrto permit oneof the'fgrippingde? vices to be mounted adjust'ablyfupon its link, so that diiferent'lengths'y of chains may 'be-vfed.r yAs the gripping deviceslare ofjjgen erally"similaryconstruct-ion; they vvill f'befdel:

scribed With-"similar {reference characters, i sof 'j far` asf possible.

andy the gripping hook shapedgrippingv ymember 169,.

neath inthe position in which theyhave rbeen vformed ink the 'die,' thetransferV mechanismy is. arranged to; draw the chains from tlie'dies`fsuccessivelylwhile maintaining the links in this relative posi;

tion.

, VFor the above purpose the 'gripl'aing del "so'that .preferably evicesf16-1 and/1651113011 each link are arranged upon the" inner yfacesofthe -linksyfgV as shoivnvin Fig.

chains units. a

Accordingly, `as the chain Gruns on,:its supporting sprockets 170,

each hook-shaped 2, so that` the grippingf-` devices are presentedupwardly rabove the ready; observation'asv theVv are transferred throughLtlievveldingy gripping member l169 islcarried intocontactlwith"theleading end'of the chain, and the v vmovement of the chain G istimedto cause?y the hoolemember 169 to overlie the end'loopy 171 oftheleading link w-ofl its chain, asf

shown clearly-lin Fig; 21.y

Preferably fthe under surface'fof ythe hook shaped finger 169 isrecessed7 as indicated indotted@linesat 178, vsuitably to conforinin'contour' with@V the loop 171, extending along the shank portion 23 insuch a manner as to afford a firm abutment therefor. The hook shapedfinger 168 of each clamping device 164i has a recess 179 of similarcontour, but shaped properly to receive an end loop 180 of the link w1of the chain. The hook shaped members 168 and 169 are preferably formedas fixed parts of their respective clamping devices 164i und 165.

For the purpose of enabling the clamping devices to grip these end linksfirmly during the transfer and Welding operations, each of the clampingdevices 16a is shown as provided with a movable member 181 having afinger 182 of suitable contour at its end for engagement with the strand23, and also to overlie the loop portion 180, when the linger 182occupies its advanced full line position as shown in Fig. 21. So alsoeach clamping device 165 has a movable member 188 provided with a linger184- arranged at its forward end to engage the strand portion 23 of theend link wl at the region opposite that engaged by the hook member 169,so that the strand portions 28 are gripped between the hook shapedmembers and the movable lingers in each of the clamping de- Vices.l Forthe purpose of effecting this gripping action positively, each of theclamping devices is shown as provided With an anti-friction roller 185at its end near the front of the machine, and the portion 186 of themachine which constitutes the slideway for the transfer mechanism isprovided ivith a ledge 187 bolted thereto and having a cam surface at188 adapted 'to be engaged by the rollers 185 successively and when soengaged to force the members 181 and 188 toward the chains, until thefingers 182 and 184i enter firmly into engagement therewith. Oppositethe cam ledge 187 is a similar cam ledge 189 having` at 190 a camsurface which serves to retract the rollers 185 to open the clampingfingers prior to their engagement with the chains, as indicated theright-hand side of Fig. 18.

The cam face 188 is preferably timed 'to act upon each movable member188 and 181 just prior to passage of the latter under the roll 160, andthus the leading end of the chain is gripped and drawn under the rollerbefore the trailing end is gripped by the movable finger 182, thuscausing the chain to be straightened out properly under th roll 160. Asthe chains are carried forward by the dies F, after having been thusgripped, they are stripped from the dies when the die blocks FX turnedout of supporting position the die block conveyer passes around thesprocket 191 at the left-hand end of its run (see Fig. 2) and thereafter'they retain the chains supported entirely by vthe clamping devices asshown in Figs. 18 and 21, until the Welding operations have beencompleted. Y

ln Fig. 18 the last of the Welding units is shown at GG, and thepreferred arrangement for releasing the chains is shown at the left handend of Fig. 18.

The cam ledge at 187 is shown as terminating at this region and the camledge 189 is shown as having a cam surface 198 in position to engage'the rollers 185 respectively and operate upon them to retract thelingers 18a and 182 successively, so 'that the leading end of the chainis first released, allowing the chain to drop into the position shown atw, near the left-hand side of Fig. 18, and then the finger 182 isretracted, releasing the trailing end of the chain, which is allowed todrop out of the machine, having been Welded at all the desired points.

From the above description, it Will be understood that each time thedies are stopped in position for a forming stroke of the cross head E3,the live movable Welding tools t5 shovvn in Fig. 2O are moved into thewelding position there shown by action of the cams tu upon the rollerst, rocking the levers t about their pivots 1610 and causing links 258 tomove tools t4 upward so that each Welding tool t" forces its particularlink of the chain up against the Welding tool t2 and effects the weldingoperation, the Welding current being turned on by suitable mechanism notshown. Thus all live welding operations are performed simultaneously oneupon each of the links to be Welded, the Welding tools being suitablyspaced relatively to each other or contact with the desired link in theseries in each chain.

Controlling mechanism Any suitable means may be provided to permitmanual control of the machine, and l prefer ..0 provide also suitablemeans for stopping the machine automatically when extraneous objects getinto positions Where they would injure the parts if the machine werepermitted to continue its operation, and also when one of more of thelinks occupies an unduly elevated position on a die.

As a suitable form of starting and st0pping mechanism, l have shown inFig. 25 a well-known form of clutch E12 associated with the shaft El andincluding latches s1, s2 adapted to be operated by a rod s connectedwith a shipping lever S, which can be actuated manually orautomatically. 1n the position shoivn in Fig. 25, the shipper lever Sisset for operation of the machine, the latches s1 and a2 beingretracted to permit rotation of shaft Ff. spring s6 tends normally toraise the shipper lever S and to throw the latches al and s2 intoposition to throw out the clutch E12 and stop rotation of shaft El.

To hold the shipper lever S in the position

